The federal government has a protocol in place for pollution deemed "unhealthy" in waterways. So, why isn't there a plan for unsafe levels of air pollution?
A recent article published in Forbes, written by Stephanie Coates, UH Energy, University of Houston, poses this exact question. Coates points out the government has a model on how to regulate the water pollution levels, but not for air. She states:
"Under the Clean Water Act, if a state identifies a waterway that is 'impaired,' or in danger of not meeting water quality standards, the state is supposed to calculate the pollution affecting the waterway and determine a plan, or Total Maximum Daily Load (TDML), to reduce the pollution to levels that meet water quality standards."
What she is questioning is, why the government has not taken this model and modified it for air quality standards.
"Air pollution is the greatest threat to human health"
According to the World Health Organization (WHO), 4.2 million deaths occur each year as a result of exposure to ambient air pollution, and "91% of the world's population lives in areas where the air quality exceeds the WHO guideline limits."
Research on the health impacts associated with air pollution is becoming more readily available to the public daily. The WHO provides research and statistics now linking air pollution to cancer, stroke, heart and lung disease. As research continues to develop, proving that there are serious health risks associated with exposure to air pollution at all levels; we have to ask, why isn't this a much bigger concern for policy makers?
While the EPA Clean Air Act has made significant strides over the years in reducing air pollution, there is still a concern in regards to management and clean-up when there are unsafe levels of pollution. Pollution levels can peak in areas due to a variety of reasons such as wildfires, temperature spikes, and climate change. Coates suggests, "Limiting the overall load of air pollutants is a better way to address hotspots and is already working well under the Clean Water Act" (Forbes).
